肉鸡在不均匀LED黄光下的行为特性及生产性能
发光二极管（LED）光源在肉鸡生产设施中取代传统白炽灯的有很大潜力，LED在能源利用率上有明显优势，然而，LED在肉鸡的生产应用中受到了限制，因为缺乏关于不同光强下LED不均匀分布给鸡带来的相关影响研究。本文研究分布不均的黄色LED灯在不同光照强度下给雌性肉鸡带来的行为偏好和的性能影响。四个笼子布置成两个不同强度分别为60Lx和90Lx的不均匀的黄灯LED环境下，包括两个重复。每个笼子里包括四个不同光强的分区，分别是高光强（HI)、中等光强(MI)、低光强(LI)和无光强(NA)区域.每个笼子里的30只肉鸡，可以自由地吃，喝，并停留在任意分区。90和60 Lux实验组间在饲料转化率（FCR），体重（BW），均匀性，和生长率无显著差异。前三周期间母鸡喜欢在LI和MI区域喝水（P <0.05）。转移到MI和HI子区鸡的偏好性会在重复内大幅波动的增长。在两组中，光强度的分布不均匀对饲料摄取比饮水造成的影响小。鸡在小和大会分别表现出对LI和HI短暂食物选择的偏好。视频数据表明，鸡表现出对LI日间偏好（<2 LX）和MI夜间偏好。总的结果是这两个群体具都对NA有较高的偏好。基于偏好的照明领域表明，肉用母鸡在白天比夜间需要更少的照明时间。 这项研究可以在LED照明环境肉鸡的表现和行为模式上提供更多的有关知识，从而为商业家禽生产LED阵列的配置提供参考信息。
Light-emitting diode (LED) light sources show a high potential for replacing traditional incandescent lamps in broiler production facilities. LEDs offer clear advantages in energy efficiency. However, the application of LED technology to broiler production is restricted because of the absence of research about its uneven distribution of light intensity and subsequent impacts on broilers. This study investigated the effect of unevenly distributed yellow LED lights with different light intensities on the behavioral preferences and performance characteristics of female broilers. Four pens were developed to provide two unevenly distributed lighting environments with maximum light intensities (MLIs) of 90 and 60 lx in a study including replicates. Each pen consisted of four subzones characterized by their light intensity, including three subzones of high intensity (HI), medium intensity (MI), and low intensity (LI) in the lighting area (LA) and one non-lighting area (NA). Thirty female broilers were reared in each pen and were free to eat, drink, and stay in any subzone. No significant difference between the 90 and 60 lx experimental groups was found in feed conversion ratio (FCR), body weight (BW), uniformity, or growth ratio. The birds in both groups tended to drink water (p < 0.05) in the LI and MI sub-zones during the first three weeks. The preference of the birds then shifted to the MI and HI subzones with the growth of the birds despite substantial fluctuations within replicates. In both groups, feed intake was less affected than water in-take by the uneven distribution of light intensity. The birds showed a transient feeding preference for LI and HI at young and old ages, respectively. The video data demonstrated that the birds showed a diurnal preference for LI (<2 lx) and a nocturnal preference for MI. The daily overall results showed higher preferences for NA in both groups. The preference-based lighting regimes indicated that the birds need less lighting time during the daytime than the nighttime. This study can provide further knowledge about broilers’ performance and behavior patterns in LED lighting environments, thus providing reference information for the configuration of LED arrays in commercial poultry production.
原文出处：The Behavioral Preferences and Performance of Female Broilers under Unevenly Distributed Yellow LED Lights with Various Intensities, Transactions of the ASABE, 2014 (7), 10486. 全文索取请联系：浙江大学泮进明，panhouse@zju.edu.cn
